文献综述

摘 要：在刨花板生产过程中，刨花板铺装机发挥着至关重要的作用，在这其中，气流铺装机具有其特有的作用。气流铺装机的原理是利用气流的作用对施胶刨花进行分选和铺装，这就决定了其内部流场特性影响板坯结构和铺装质量，从而影响刨花板的物理学性能和板面质量。气流铺装技术的难点在于对气流场特性的把控，影响气流场的环节有很多，如若控制不当，会发生射流、紊流等现象，直接影响刨花板成品质量。本课题通过研究气流铺装机内部流场特性，把控气流场特性，优化结构，从而获得较好的板坯表面平整度、板坯表面细腻度和板坯截面渐变分层度，降低生产成本，提高生产效率。

关键词：气流铺装机；流场特性；结构优化

Literature Review

Abstract: Particleboard paving machine plays a vital role in the production of particleboard. Among them, airflow paving machine has its unique function. The principle of the airflow paving machine is to sort and lay the sizing shavings by the action of the airflow, which determines the internal flow field characteristics affecting the slab structure and paving quality, thus affecting the physical properties and surface of the particleboard quality. The difficulty of airflow paving technology lies in the control of the characteristics of the airflow field. There are many links affecting the airflow field. If the control is improper, the phenomenon of jet flow and turbulence will occur, which directly affects the quality of the finished particleboard. By studying the internal flow field characteristics of the airflow paving machine, the characteristics of the airflow field are controlled, and the structure is optimized, so that the smoothness of the slab surface, the fineness of the slab surface and the grading degree of the slab section are obtained, and the production cost is lowered and the production cost is improved.

Key words: airflow paving machine; flow field characteristics; structure optimization

1 研究目的及意义

刨花板是由木材或其他木质纤维素材料制成的碎料，施加胶粘剂后在热力和压力作用下胶合成的人造板。刨花板的优点在于有良好的吸音和隔音性能，表面平整和环保系数相对较高，它主要用于家具制造、车厢制造和建筑工业^[1]。刨花板的制造原料来源广，生产消耗的能源少，使用范围广，使得刨花板需求量逐年递增，发展迅猛。

改革开放以后，随着板式家具生产线的引进，我国刨花板行业发展迅速，中国的刨花板经历了上升期，下降期再到上升期的反复过程^[2]。在二十世纪九十年代期间，我国刨花板产业集中度低，小型企业比重大，生产设备落后，技术水平差，再加上许多厂家只追求产量，不注重刨花板质量，这导致了我国生产的刨花板普遍质量较差，且存在甲醛超标的问题。为提高企业的市场竞争力，许多刨花板企业引进国外先进生产线，中国的刨花板质量有了明显提高。国内外对刨花板需求量不断增多和国家出台优惠政策推动了人造板行业的发展，为刨花板行业发展奠定了良好的基础^[3]。