舟山市定海啤酒废水处理工程设计

摘要：在二级处理技术的处理水中，啤酒废水排放具有流量大、水质变化大、冲击负荷大、有机物污染浓度高即CODcr高，BOD₅高，SS高，废水B/C比值高，可生化性强的特点。虽然有机物浓度高并不具备毒性，但啤酒工业废水中含有糖类、醇类、酵母菌残体、酒花残糟，很容易腐败，直接排入水体或土壤将会带来水体富营养化或土壤有机物污染等难以修复的环境问题。因此在筛选工艺流程上需要针对啤酒工业废水的排放特点制定行之有效且经济稳定的工艺设计。

关键词：啤酒废水；高浓度有机物；脱氮除磷；

Design of Dinghai Beer Wastewater Treatment Project in Zhoushan City

Abstract：In the secondary wastewater treatment technology, brewery wastewater has the following characterisitics: (1) the discharge flow rate is high, and the water quality fluctated largely. (2) it has high impact load, and the concentrations of organic matters such as CODcr, BOD₅ ,and SS, are very high. (3) the percentatage of BOD in COD is high, indicating that the brewery wastewater is easily biodegraded. The brewery wastewater contains sugars, alcohols, yeast residues, and hop residues. Although these organic matters do not have toxicity to biological treatment, they are easily corrupted and bring about eutrophication to water body. In addition, the discharge of brewery wastewater without treated will pollute the soil, which is difficulte to be repaired. Therefore, in the screening process, an effective and economically stable process design must be established for the wastewater discharge characteristics of the beer industry.

Keywords: Brewery wastewater, High concentrations of organic matter, Nitrogen and phosphorus removal

1. 前言

1.1啤酒废水处理工程建设的必要性

我国啤酒产业经过高速发展期，市场已逐步饱和，年均啤酒产量逐步稳定在4500万千升左右，稳居世界第一大啤酒生产国。啤酒产量的遥遥领先，随之带来的是比啤酒产量高6到10倍的啤酒工业废水量。

啤酒废水属于工业废水，含大量固体悬浮物和高浓度无毒有机物，有机物以糖类、醇类为主。啤酒工业废水的水质具有明显的波动性和含有高浓度有机物，如果任其排入水体或土壤，将会对环境产生巨大破坏性。经济、高效、稳定地处理啤酒工业废水已经是制约我国啤酒产业发展以及环境治理的重要课题。