金鼎纺织印染厂废水处理工程设计

摘要：金鼎纺织印染厂主要来源于生活废水和生产废水，其中生产废水主要是纺织废水和印染废水。废水中的杂质、色度和COD较高，但水中含有大量的纤维素、染料等难生物降解有机物，导致废水的可生化性较低。本文根据进出水性质和当地的气候特点，结合国内外的研究和应用现状，拟采用厌氧生物处理对废水进行处理以提高其可生化性，而后采用好氧生物处理来去除水中的有机物，保证出水达到《纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准》（GB 4287-2016）排放标准。

关键词：废水，纺织，印染，设计

Design about wastewater treatment engineering of Jinding textile printing and dyeing factory

Abstract：Jinding Textile printing and dyeing factory mainly originates from domestic wastewater and production wastewater, in which the production wastewater is mainly textile wastewater and printing and dyeing wastewater. The impurities, chroma and cod in the wastewater are high, but the water contains a large amount of cellulose, dyes and other difficult biodegradable organics, resulting in low biodegradability of wastewater. In this paper, according to the nature of access water and local climatic characteristics, combined with domestic and foreign research and application status, anaerobic biological treatment is proposed to improve its biodegradability, and then aerobic biological treatment is used to remove organic matter in water to ensure the effluent reaches the standard of pollutant discharge in textile dyeing and finishing industry (GB 4287-2016) emission standards。

Keywords: Wastewater, textile, dyeing, design

1.前言

随着我国纺织印染技术的不断发展，纺织印染行业成为工业污水排放大户。纺织印染废水主要来源于浆染、漂染等生产工序。废水特点是有机物浓度高、成分复杂、色度深且多变，pH变化大，水量水质变化大，属难处理工业废水。特别是，随着化学纤织物的发展，仿真丝的兴起和印染后整理要求的提高，使PVA浆料、人造丝碱解物、新型染料、助剂等难降解有机物大量进入纺织印染废水。此外，随着丝光蓝、丝光黑、特深蓝、特深黑等印染工艺的发展，大量使用硫化染料、印染助剂硫化钠等，使水中的浆料、染料、表面活性剂、助剂、酸碱随之增多，水质变得越来越复杂，对传统的废水处理工艺构成严重挑战。采用单纯的生物处理，出水难以达到排放标准，未达标或未经处理污水排入水体会对环境和水生态系统造成污染和破坏。因此，随着环保要求越来越严格，加强对印染废水的处理变得越来越重要^[1]。

2. 工程设计概况及要求