《悬挂式挖坑机设计》的文献综述

摘要：我国森林覆盖率远低于世界平均水平，人均森林面积和人均森林积蓄仅为世界人均水平的1/4和1/7，这导致了雾霾，空气污染等现象。总的来说我国仍是一个缺少森林植被、生态环境脆弱的国家，树木总量不足，质量不高，分布不均，林业和生态发展对于我国尤为重要，这对于我国的综合国力长远发展有着深刻的意义，这不仅是政府、相关科研机构、人员的责任，更是全社会共同的责任。本文分析了国内外对挖坑机的发展情况，梳理、总结相关文献，同时对挖坑机的发展前景和方向做出来了简单探讨。

关键词：林业挖坑机；植树机；挖坑机发展前景和方向

Abstract: Our country#39;s forest coverage rate is much lower than the world average. Per-capita forest area and per-capita forest inventory are only 1/4 and 1/7 of the world average. This has led to haze and air pollution. In general, our country is still a country lacking forest vegetation and fragile ecological environment. The total amount of trees is insufficient, the quality is not high and the distribution is uneven. The development of forestry and ecology is especially important to our country, which has a profound impact on the long-term development of China#39;s comprehensive national strength This is not only the responsibility of the government, relevant scientific research institutes and personnel, but also the common responsibility of the whole society. This paper analyzes the development of digging machine at home and abroad, sort out and summarize the relevant literature, and at the same time make a brief discussion on the development prospect and direction of digging machine.

Key words：Forestry digging machine; Tree planting machine; Digging machine development prospects and direction

0 引言

根据第八次全国森林资源清查，全国森林面积2.08亿公顷，森林覆盖率21.63%，活立木总蓄积164.33亿立方米，森林蓄积151.37亿立方米。其中人工林面积0.69亿公顷，位于世界首位，这与国家植树造林意识的提升和相关机械的发展密不可分，尤其是对挖坑机的引进、研制，使我国有了这样的成绩。

挖坑机是在山地、丘陵、沟壑区植树造林，并进行快速挖坑的专用机械。挖坑机解放了人力资源，广泛应用于植树造林，栽种果树、篱笆，及给果树施肥等。其动力强劲，降低了操作人员的劳动强度，挖坑作业效率高，便于进行高效地野外作业。常见挖坑机主要分为悬挂式和便携式，便携式又分为手提式和背负式两种。一般挖坑机都是由传动轴、减速器、钻头和机架等组成^[1]。

1 国内外挖坑机研究状况