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AnalysisoftheCriminalMindsinTheBlackCatTheTell-taleHeart

析《黑猫》和《泄密的心》中的犯罪心理

1.Introduction

EdgarAllanPoeisoneofthemostacclaimedshortstorywritersofalltime.HeismostwidelyknownforhisGothicnarrative,andisconsideredoneoftheforemostmastersofhorrorthattheUnitedStateshaseverproduced.GeorgeBernardShawonceclaimedthatAmericahadbredtwomagnificentauthors,thatis,EdgarAllanPoeandMarkTwain.(16)

HismostrecurringthemesinGothicfictionworksdealwithquestionsofdeath,includingitsphysicalsigns,theeffectsofdecomposition,concernsofprematureburial,thereanimationofthedead,andmourning.Manyofhisworksaregenerallyconsideredpartofthedarkromanticismgenre.

TheBlackCatandTheTell-TaleHeartareofEdgarAllanPoe'smostmemorablestories.Theyfocusonastudyofthepsychologyofguilt.Inboth,amurderercarefullyconcealshiscrimeandbelieveshimselfunassailable,buteventuallybreaksdownandrevealshimself,impelledbyanaggingreminderofhisguilt.Poespentalotofeffortsindescribingthecriminalminds,whichleavesusalargeamountofspacetothinkaboutthereasonswhytheyrevealsthemselveseveniftheycommittedtheperfectcrimes.

ThisthesiswillconcentrateontheanalysisoftheCriminalMindsinTheBlackCatTheTell-taleHeart.Tobemorespecific,firstly,SigmundFreud'spsychoanalytictheoryofpersonalitycanbeofgreatimportancetoanalyzethemaincharacterscriminalminds.Secondly,thethesiscanbenefitfromMyth-ArchetypeCriticismTheory(includingSisyphusprototype,OldTestamentprototypeandOedipusComplex-Patricide),Thirdly,OriginalSinwillbedefinitelyappliedtoexplorethecriminalroots.Fourthly,theessaywouldemployCarlJungsanalyticpsychologytofurtheranalyze.Byforth-puttingalloftheseanalysesincriminalminds,thisthesisisgoingtostudywhethermenareborngoodorevilandofwhichopinionPoewasmoreinclinedto.Thoroughlyandvividlydescribingthecriminalmindsandthescenes,Poewasprovedtohaveexposedthedarksideofhumanpsychologyandbroughtarethinkaboutthedeepestcontractionsinhumannature.

2.LiteratureReview

Poe,hasbeenstudiedbylotsofcriticsfromdifferentperspectives,includingself-identity,Gothicstyle,thethemeofmadness,guiltanddeath,criminalmindsandextraordinarybeauty.

Gothicfictionoriginatedinthelate18thcenturyEngland.In1790s,theGothicfictiongraduallyevolvedintotwobranches.OnebranchisatypeofGothichorrornovel,whichisonthisbasisofsickevilpeopletoincreasethemysteryandhorroreffect.TheotherbranchisthetypeofsentimentalGothicnovel,whichischaracterizedbyretentioncastlescene,butabandonedoverthemysteriousatmosphereofterrorandextremeingredientstomakethestorycometoalogicalexplanation.ButPoemaintainsthatterrorisnotofGerman,butofsoul(20),saidWangJianping.

Poeoncesaidthatdeathofabeautifulwomanisundoubtedlytheworld'smostpoeticsubject.ZhangPengbelievedthatdestructionofwomenandbeautyisPoeswaytorevoltsocietyandisthecoverofhislonelysoul.(208)

Hewasnotwellreceivedwhenhewaslive.ThousandsandhundredsofpeoplethoughthisworksespeciallyhisGothicfictionworksatonofrubbishwhichcanneverbeappreciatedinthecircleofliterature.