EFFECT OF SINI DECOCTION ON INTESTINAL FLORA IN SEPSIS MICE
Name: Gugu Nichola Mnkandla
Student Number: 2620150013
Subject: Microbiology
Supervisor: Huang Laoshi
Introduction
Intestinal flora also known as gut microbiota is a complex community of microorganims that are found in the digestive tracts of living organisms including humans,animals as well as insects. The function of the flora includes digestion,nutrient synthesis as well as immunity. Gut flora also plays an important role in protecting against sepsis through their influence on blood levels of certain antibodies. A study was conducted by David Allman of the Perelman School of Medicine showed that mice became resistant to sepsis when their guts were particularly rich in microbes called Proteobacteria. The blood levels of IgA rose when mice were exposed to these kind of microbes.
According to Wikipedia Sepsis can be defined as a life-threatening condition that arises when the bodyrsquo;s response to an infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs. Sepsis is caused by inflammatory immune response triggered by an infection mostly caused by bacteria but it may also be caused by fungi,virus or protozoa. Common locations for the primary infection includes lungs,brain,abdominal organs and well as the skin.
In our study we want to focus mainly on the Acute Lung Injury (ALI) which is caused by any event resulting in the triggering of local or systemic inflammation,principally sepsis.
Acute Lung Disease is a widespread,variable type of lung injury that is characterized by a low oxygen level in the blood,non cardiogenic pulmonary edema,low lung compliance and widespread capillary leakage. In short, it is a disorder of acute inflammation that causes disruption of the lung endothelial and epithelial barriers.ALI has a high incidence (200,000 per year in the US) and overall mortality remains high.Classically, ALI has been described as progressing through three stages: exudative, proliferative, and fibrotic . Although different mechanisms of lung injury and severity of illnesses significantly influence the severity and duration of these stages , the three-stage model has remained largely intact for four decades and serves as a useful frame of reference for discussion.Phase III clinical trials by the NHLBI ARDS Network have resulted in improvement in survival and a reduction in the duration of mechanical ventilation with a lung-protective ventilation strategy and fluid conservative protocol.Acute lung injury (ALI) together with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) both describe clinical syndromes of acute respiratory failure with substantial morbidity and mortality.ARDS one of the serious forms of ALI is the primary cause of death in patients with ALI.Acute lung injury (ALI) secondary to sepsis is one of the leading causes of death in sepsis.
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